Is Velikiy Novgorod or Kolpino better for the northern lights?

Kolpino sits closer to the oval, at 56.5 degrees geomagnetic against 55.2. Darkness, cloud and your dates decide the rest; the tables on this page show both towns month by month.

Which has longer nights in December, Velikiy Novgorod or Kolpino?

Kolpino, with 16.0 hours of civil night on December 15 against 15.7 in Velikiy Novgorod.

What Kp do Velikiy Novgorod and Kolpino need?

By SWPC's rule of 66 degrees at Kp 0 and 2 degrees per step, Velikiy Novgorod needs about Kp 6 and Kolpino Kp 5 for the average oval edge to sit overhead.

When is it too light for aurora in Velikiy Novgorod and Kolpino?

Velikiy Novgorod: never, every night has civil darkness. Kolpino: never, every night has civil darkness.

Which is clearer, Velikiy Novgorod or Kolpino?

Velikiy Novgorod, with 74% mean cloud in the months with 4 hours or more of civil night against 75% in Kolpino (NASA POWER, 2001 to 2020).

Comparison

Velikiy Novgorod vs Kolpino for the northern lights

Answer

Kolpino sits 1.3 degrees higher on the IGRF-14 dipole, 56.5 against 55.2. By SWPC's oval-edge rule Kolpino needs about Kp 5 for the average edge to sit overhead and Velikiy Novgorod Kp 6. On the map Kolpino is also closer to the pole, by 1.2 degrees.

55.2° / 56.5°

dipole latitude

Side by side

Computed figures for both towns
Figure	Velikiy Novgorod	Kolpino
Dipole latitude	55.2°	56.5°
Kp for the oval edge overhead	Kp 6	Kp 5
Civil night, December 15	15.7 h	16.0 h
Dark-season days	313	301
Nights with no civil darkness	0	0
Dark-month cloud, NASA POWER	74%	75%
Solar midnight, December 15	00:50	00:53

Velikiy Novgorod sits at 55.2 degrees geomagnetic. By SWPC's rule the average oval edge is overhead at Kp 6, and aurora is usually visible on the northern horizon at G1 (Kp 5) or less. Kolpino sits at 56.5 degrees geomagnetic. By SWPC's rule the average oval edge is overhead at Kp 5, and aurora is usually visible on the northern horizon at G1 (Kp 5) or less.

Civil night month by month

On December 15 Velikiy Novgorod has 15.7 hours of civil night and Kolpino 16.0. Across the 15th of each month, Velikiy Novgorod is darker in 7 months and Kolpino in 3. The widest gap comes in June, when Velikiy Novgorod has 1.3 more hours.

Hours of civil night on the 15th of each month, 2026
Month	Velikiy Novgorod	Kolpino	Difference
January	15.1 h	15.3 h	-0.2 h
February	13.1 h	13.1 h	+0.0 h
March	10.8 h	10.7 h	+0.1 h
April	7.9 h	7.7 h	+0.2 h
May	5.0 h	4.5 h	+0.5 h
June	2.7 h	1.4 h	+1.3 h
July	3.9 h	3.2 h	+0.7 h
August	6.9 h	6.6 h	+0.3 h
September	9.7 h	9.6 h	+0.1 h
October	12.3 h	12.3 h	+0.0 h
November	14.5 h	14.7 h	-0.2 h
December	15.7 h	16.0 h	-0.3 h

Difference: Velikiy Novgorod minus Kolpino. Each figure links to that town's month page.

Season and midnight sun

Velikiy Novgorod has some civil darkness every night of 2026, and its dark season, 4 or more evening hours of civil night, lasts 313 days. Kolpino has some civil darkness every night of 2026, and its dark season, 4 or more evening hours of civil night, lasts 301 days.

Distance, cloud and time zones

The two towns are 142 km apart by great circle. In the dark months both average about 75% cloud in NASA POWER's 2001 to 2020 record. Velikiy Novgorod's best month by civil night times clear sky is March. Kolpino's best month by civil night times clear sky is March. Time zones: Europe/Moscow and Europe/Moscow.

For tonight, open the live pages for Velikiy Novgorod and Kolpino, which carry the live OVATION cell.

Questions

Is Velikiy Novgorod or Kolpino better for the northern lights?: Kolpino sits closer to the oval, at 56.5 degrees geomagnetic against 55.2. Darkness, cloud and your dates decide the rest; the tables on this page show both towns month by month.
Which has longer nights in December, Velikiy Novgorod or Kolpino?: Kolpino, with 16.0 hours of civil night on December 15 against 15.7 in Velikiy Novgorod.
What Kp do Velikiy Novgorod and Kolpino need?: By SWPC's rule of 66 degrees at Kp 0 and 2 degrees per step, Velikiy Novgorod needs about Kp 6 and Kolpino Kp 5 for the average oval edge to sit overhead.
When is it too light for aurora in Velikiy Novgorod and Kolpino?: Velikiy Novgorod: never, every night has civil darkness. Kolpino: never, every night has civil darkness.
Which is clearer, Velikiy Novgorod or Kolpino?: Velikiy Novgorod, with 74% mean cloud in the months with 4 hours or more of civil night against 75% in Kolpino (NASA POWER, 2001 to 2020).

Sources and verification

IGRF-14 coefficients, NOAA NCEIhttps://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/IAGA/vmod/coeffs/igrf14coeffs.txt
SunCalchttps://github.com/mourner/suncalc
GeoNameshttps://www.geonames.org/export/
NASA POWER climatologyhttps://power.larc.nasa.gov/docs/services/api/temporal/climatology/
NOAA SWPC, Tips on viewing the aurorahttps://www.spaceweather.gov/content/tips-viewing-aurora

Quoted figures last checked against their sources on 2026-09-30; next review 2026-12-31. Computed figures come from SunCalc and the IGRF-14 dipole as described in the methodology. Every quote is listed in the sources ledger.